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Key texts

Ashton, D. and Green, F. (1996) Education, training, and the global economy Edward Cheltenham: Elgar.

Clark, L. and Winch, C. (eds) (2007) Vocational education : international approaches, developments and systems London/New York: Routledge

Crouch, C., Finegold, D. and Sako, M. (2001) Are skills the answer? : the political economy of skill creation in advanced industrial countries, Oxford: OUP

Dowling, P.J., and Festing, M. and Engle, A.D. (snr) (2008) International human resource management. London: Thompson

Edwards, R. (1997) Changing places? : flexibility, lifelong learning, and a learning society, Routledge: London and New York

Grugulis, I. (2007) Skills, training and human resource development : a critical text, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan

Rainbird, H. (ed) (2000) Training in the workplace : critical perspectives on learning at work, London: MacMillan.

Rainbird, H., Fuller, A. and A. Munro, A. ( 2004) (eds) Workplace learning in context London: Routledge

Warhurst, C., Keep, E. and Grugulis, I. (2004) The skills that matter, Basingstoke: Palgrave

Other texts

Alonso, L.E. and Martinez-Lucio, M. (eds) (2006) Employment relations in a changing society : assessing the post-Fordist paradigm, Basingstoke/New York :Palgrave

Bach, S. (ed) (2005) Managing human resources : personnel management in transition 4th edn. Oxford: Blackwell.

Booth, A.L. and Snower, D.J. (1996) Acquiring skills : market failures, their symptoms and policy responses CUP.

Coates, D. (2000) Models of capitalism : growth and stagnation in the modern era Cambridge: Polity

Dowling, P.J., and Festing, M. and Engle, A.D. (snr) (2008) International human resource management. 5th edn. London: Thompson

European Commission (2000) A Memorandum on Lifelong Learning, Commission Staff Working Paper, SEC (2000) 1832, Brussels: Commission (http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/life/memoen.pdf)

European Commission (2001) Making a European Area of Lifelong Learning, Communication from the Commission, COM (2001) 678 Final, Brussels: Commission

Kersley et al (2006) Inside the workplace : findings from the 2004 workplace employment relations survey (WERS 2004), London: Routledge

Kuhn, M. and Sultana, R. (eds) (2006) Homo sapiens europæus : creating the European learning citizen, New York: Peter Lang

Marginson, P. and Sissons, K. (2006) European integration and industrial relations : multi-level governance in the making, Basingstoke/NewYork: Palgrave

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2001) Cities and regions in the new learning economy. OECD: OECD Publications

Thelen, K. (2004) How Institutions Evolve: The Political Economy of Skills in Germany, Britain, the United States and Japan. New York: Cambridge University Press

Internet sites

There are a number of very useful internet sites containing general information and academic articles within the area of Skills, Training and Development. A number of such sites are referred to below. You are urged to visit these and discover others!

SKOPE: http://www.econ.ox.ac.uk/SKOPE/

DfES: http://www.dfes.gov.uk/index.htm

OECD: http://www.oecd.org/home/

ETUI: http://www.etuc.org/etui/

UNICE: http://www.unice.org/Content/Default.asp

TUC: http://www.learningservices.org.uk/

CBI: http://www.cbi.org.uk/home.html

CIPD: http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/hrpract/general

Journals

The following journals all contain articles relevant to the module. You should familiarise yourself with these and keep up to date with current issues.

British Journal of Industrial Relations.

European journal of industrial relations.

Human resource management journal.

International journal of human resource management.

International journal of training and development.

Journal of education and work.

Industrial relations journal.

Journal of vocational education & training.

Work, employment and society.

Work and occupations.

1. Why Training and Development? Human Capital in a Global Economy

How are training and development linked to competitive performance, economic growth, production systems and management strategies? What are the key factors triggering training investments in organisations?

Key Reading

Ashton, D. and Green, F. (1996) Education, training, and the global economy, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Greenwood, I. and Stuart, M. (2006) ‘Employability and the Flexible Economy; some Considerations of the Politics and Contradictions of the European Employment Strategy’, in Alonso, L.E. and Martinez-Lucio, M. (eds) Employment relations in a changing society : assessing the post-Fordist paradigm, Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave

Grugulis, I. (2006) ‘Training and Development’, in Redman, T. and Wilkinson, A. (eds), Contemporary human resource management : text and cases, 2nd edn. Harlow: Prentice Hall

Keep, E. (2005) Skills, Training and the Quest for the Holy Grail of Influence and Status, in Bach, S. (ed) Managing human resources : personnel management in transition 4th edn. Oxford: Blackwell. 211-236

Keep, E. and Payne, J. (2001) 'Globalisation, models of competitive advantage and skills'. SKOPE, Universities of Warwick and Oxford, SKOPE. Research Paper 22, Autumn ,Oxford and Warwick Universities

Nolan, P. (2004) ‘Shaping the future: the political economy of work and employment’, Industrial relations journal, 35(5): 378-387

Further Reading

Coates, D. (2000) Models of capitalism : growth and stagnation in the modern era Cambridge: Polity. Chapter on ‘training’

Crouch, C., Finegold, D. and Sako, M. (2001) Are skills the answer? : the political economy of skill creation in advanced industrial countries, Oxford: OUP

Lloyd, C. and Payne, J. (2002) ‘In search of the high skills society : some reflections on current visions’, SKOPE, Universities of Warwick and Oxford, SKOPE Working Paper 32, Summer. Oxford and Warwick Universities

Rothwell, W.J. and Kolb, J.A. (1999) ‘Major Workforce and Workplace Trends Influencing the Training and Development Field in the USA’. International journal of training and development, Vol. 3. No. 1, 44-54.

2. The Nature of Skills

How is skill to be conceptualised and understood? What are the implications of the human capital approach to our understanding of firms’ investment strategies with regard to training?

Key Reading

Bowles, S. and Gintis, H. (1975) ‘The problem with human capital theory: a Marxian critique’, American Economic Association, Vol.65, No.2

Elias, J. and Scarbrough, H. (2004) ‘Evaluating Human Capital: an exploratory study of management practice’, Human resource management journal, 14 (4): 21-40

Noon, M. and Blyton, P. (2002) The realities of work, (2nd ed). Palgrave. Chapter 5

Stevens, M. (1999) Human Capital Theory and UK Vocational Training Policy, Oxford review of economic policy, (15), No 1

Vallas, S. P. (1990) ‘The Concept of Skill: A Critical Review’, Work and occupations, 17 (4): 379-398

Warhurst, C., Keep, E. and Grugulis, I. (2004) The skills that matter, Basingstoke: Palgrave

Further Reading

Ashton, D. and Green, F. (1996) Education, training, and the global economy, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Chapter 4.

Becker, G.S. (1993) Human capital : a theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. Chicago London: University of Chicago

Braverman, H. (1974) Labor and monopoly capital : the degradation of work in the twentieth century New York: Monthly Review Press.

Clarke, L. and Winch, C. (2005) ‘A European Skills Framework? But what are Skills? Anglo-Saxon vs. German concepts’, paper presented to conference, Second International Conference on Training, Employability and Employment, Prato, Italy, 22-25 September

Green, F. (1992) ‘On the Political Economy of Skill in the Advanced Industrial Nations’, Review of political economy, Vol.4 No.4

Grugulis, I. (2003) ‘Putting skills to work: learning and employment at the start of the century’, Human resource management journal, 13(2): 3-12

Vallas, P.S. (1990) ‘The concept of skill’, Work and occupations, Vol.17, No.4

3. Trends in Supply and Demand

What skills are most likely to be in demand in coming years? What are the implications for firms’ training strategies and practices? How are labour markets being restructured?

Key Reading

Adler, S.P. (2004) ‘Skill Trends Under Capitalism and the Socialisation of Production’, in Warhurst, C., Keep, E. and Grugulis, I. (eds), The skills that matter, Basingstoke: Palgrave

Adnett, N. (1996). European labour markets : analysis and policy Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. Ch.4.

Dowling, P.J., and Festing, M. and Engle, A.D. (snr) (2008) International human resource management 5th edn. London: Thompson. Chapter 6

Gallie, D. (1994) ‘Patterns of skill change: upskilling, deskilling, or polarisation?' in Penn, R., Rose, M. and Rubery, J. (eds) Skills and Occupational Change. OUP

Grimshaw, D., Ward, K.G., Rubery, J. and Beynon, H. (2001) ‘Organisations and the Transformation of the Internal Labour Market’, Work, employment and society. 15(1): 25-54

Mason, G. (2004) ‘Enterprise product strategies and employer demand for skills in Britain: Evidence from the Employers Skill Survey’, SKOPE Research Paper No. 50, Coventry: University of Warwick, SKOPE

Rainbird, H., Munro, A. and Holly, L. (2004) ‘ Exploring the Concept of Employer Demand for Skills and Qualifications; Case Studies from the Public Sector’, in Warhurst, C., Keep, E. and Grugulis, I. (eds), The skills that matter, Basingstoke: Palgrave. 91-108

Tilak, J.B.G. 92002) ‘VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN ASIA’, National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, India. Online: http://www.norrag.org/wg/documents/Vocational_technical_educat.doc

Further Reading

Blyton, P. and Turnbull, P. (2004) The dynamics of employee relations (3rd edn). Basingstoke; Palgrave Macmillan

Green, F. and Ashton, D. (1992) ‘Skill shortage and skill deficiency: a critique’, Work, employment and society, Vol.6. No.2

Rubery, J. (1994) ‘Internal and external labour markets: towards an integrated analysis’, in Rubery, J. and Wilkinson, F. (eds) Employer strategy and the labour market OUP.

Rutherford, T.D. (1998) ‘Still in training? Labor unions and the restructuring of the Canadian labour market policies’, Economic geography, Vol. 74 (3).

4. Comparative Frameworks and National Systems (MS)

This session will look at the key determinants of skill formation regimes. Why are some economies seemingly stuck in a ‘low skill equilibrium’, whilst others are not? What are the institutional conditions of high skill economies? The lecture and the workshop will investigate these questions with specific reference to international variation and different national systems.

Key Reading

Ashton, D.N. (2004) ‘The political economy of workplace learning’, in H. Rainbird., A. Fuller, and A. Munro. (eds) Workplace learning in context Routledge. 21-37

Estevez-Abe, M., Iversen, T. and Soskice, D. (2001) ‘Social Protection and the Formation of Skills: A Reinterpretation of the Welfare State’, in P.A. Hall and D. Soskice (eds) Varieties of capitalism : the institutional foundations of comparative advantage OUP. 145-183

Finegold, D and Soskice, D. (1988) The failure of training in Britain: analysis and prescription, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, (4) 3: 21-53

Grugulis, I. (2007) Skills, training and human resource development : a critical text Palgrave MacMillan. Chapter 3

Further Reading

Ashton, D. and Green, F. (1996). Education, training, and the global economy Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Ashton, D., Sung, J. and Turbin, J. (2000) ‘Towards a framework for the comparative analysis of national systems of skill formation’, International journal of training and development, 4 (1): 8-25

Coates, D. (2000) Models of capitalism : growth and stagnation in the modern era Cambridge:Polity

Crouch, C., Finegold, D. and Sako, M. (2001) Are skills the answer? : the political economy of skill creation in advanced industrial countries, Oxford: OUP

Jonas Edlund and Anne Grönlund (2008) Protection of Mutual Interests? Employment Protection and Skill Formation in Different Labour Market Regimes, European journal of industrial relations. 14: 245-264

Lloyd, C. (1999) ‘Regulating employment: Implications for skill development in the aerospace industry’, European journal of industrial relations. 5 (2): 163-185.

Lloyd, C. and Payne, J. (2004) ‘The political economy of skill: a theoretical approach to developing a high skills strategy in the UK’, in C. Warhurst., I Grugulis. And E. Keep (eds) The skills that matter Palgrave-MacMillan. 207-224

Miguel Martínez Lucio, Sveinung Skule, Wilfried Kruse, and Vera Trappmann (2007) ‘Regulating Skill Formation in Europe: German, Norwegian and Spanish Policies on Transferable Skills European journal of industrial relations. 13: 323-340

Thelen, K. (2004) How Institutions Evolve: The Political Economy of Skills in Germany, Britain, the United States, and Japan. CUP. Chapters 1 and 6.

5. Corporate Strategy, Governance and Investment (MS)

Building on the national frameworks introduced in 4, this session will explore in more depth the factors shaping corporate strategies around training and development and business investment decisions. How does training strategy fit with broader corporate strategy? Does corporate governance matter and how? What factors influence the different corporate strategies of multinational companies, and are these tailored to different institutional contexts. How significant is the workplace as a learning environment?

Key Reading

Brown, A., Rhodes, E. and Carter, R. (2004) ‘Supporting learning in advanced supply systems in the automotive and aerospace industries’, H. Rainbird., A. Fuller, and A. Munro. (eds) Workplace learning in context Routledge. 166-182

Caligiuri et al (2005) ‘Training, learning and development in multinational organizations’, in Scullion and Linehan (eds) International human resource management Palgrave MacMillan.

Grugulis, I. (2007) Skills, training and human resource development : a critical text Palgrave MacMillan. Chapter 7

Leisink, P. and Greenwood, I. (2007) ‘Company level strategies for raising basic skills: a comparison of Corus Netherlands and UK, European journal of industrial relations, 13(3): 341-360

I. Nikandrou., Apospori, E. and Papalexandris, N. (2008) ‘Organisational training and development in the European context: a longitundinal comparative study among 18 European countries’, European Journal of International Management, 2(3): 303-332 (available from tutor)

Further Reading

Grugulis, I. (2008) ‘Training and Development’, in Redman, T. and Wilkinson, A. (eds), Contemporary human resource management : text and cases, 3rd edn. Harlow: Prentice Hall

Heyes, J. (2000) ‘Workplace industrial relations and training’, in H. Rainbird (ed.) Training in the workplace : critical perspectives on learning at work, pp. 148-168. Houndmills: Macmillan.

Smith, A. and Dowling, P.J. (2001) ‘Analyzing firm training: Five propositions for future research’, Human resource development quarterly. 12 (2): 147-167.

Smith, A. and Hayton, G. (1999) ‘What drives enterprise training? Evidence from Australia’, International journal of human resource management. 10 (2): 251-272.

6. Training, Labour Utilsation and Work Organisation

To what extent is the diffusion of new production methods creating demand for new ’flexible’ skills? Is greater flexibility in labour utilisation coinciding with multiskilling or simply task enlargement and work intensification? What are the implications of ’multiskilling’ for HRM?

Key Reading

Ackroyd, S. and Procter, S. (1998) British Manufacturing Organisation and Workplace Industrial Relations: Some attributes of the New Flexible Firm, British Journal of Industrial Relations. 36 (2): 164-183

Capelli, P. and Rogovsky, N. (1994) ‘New work systems and training requirements’, International Labour Review, 133, 2.

Finegold, D. and Wagner, K. (1998) ‘The search for flexibility: skills and workplace innovation in the German pump industry’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, 36, 3: 469-487.

Kalleberg, A.L. (2003) ‘Flexibile Firms and Labour Market Segmentation; Effects of Workplace Restructuring on Jobs and Workers’, Work and occupations, 30(2): 154-75

Lasierra, J. M. (2006) ‘Flexible Enterprises; An Analysis of their Institutional Standing’, in Alonso, L.E. and Martinez-Lucio, M. (eds) (2006) Employment relations in a changing society : assessing the post-Fordist paradigm, Basingstoke/New York :Palgrave

Pollert, A. (1988) Dismantling Flexibility, Capital & class, 34; 42-75

Further Reading

Atkinson, J. (1984), Manpower Strategies for Flexible Organisations, Personnel management. August: 28-31

Heyes, J. (1996) ‘A formula for success? Training, reward and commitment in a chemicals plant’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, 34, 3: 351-370.

Leigh, D. and Gifford, K. (1999) ‘Workplace transformation and worker upskilling: the perspective of individual workers’, Industrial relations, 38, 2.

O’Reilly, J. (1992) ‘Where do you draw the line? Functional flexibility, training & skill in Britain and France’, Work, employment and society, 6, 3: 369-396.

Scott, P. and Cockrill, A. (1997) ‘Multiskilling in small and medium sized engineering firms: evidence from Wales and Germany’, International journal of human resource management, 8, 6.

Tomaney, J. (1990) ‘The reality of workplace flexibility’, Capital & class, 40: 29-55.

Womack, J.P., Jones, D.T. and Roos, D. (1990) The Machine that Changed the World, New York: Rawson

7. Employee Experience and Personal Development

What is Employee Development and how is the development of employees being affected by contemporary developments? What does empirical evidence tell us are the experiences of employees in the contemporary world? Is workplace learning an individual or social phenomenon? Should the workplace be the seat of developmental or adaptive learning? These issues are considered in the context of increased competition and change.

Key Reading

Ashton, D. N. (2004) ‘The impact of organisational structure and practices on learning in the workplace’, International journal of training and development., 8(1): 43-53

CIPD (2007) Learning and Development. Annual Survey Report. London: CIPD

Le Deist, F.D. and Winterton, J. (2005) ‘What is Competence’, Human Resource Development International, 8(1): 27-46

Greenwood, I. and Randle, H. (2007) ‘Team-working, Restructuring and Skills in UK and Sweden’, European journal of industrial relations, 13(3):361-377

Heyes, J. and Stuart, M. (1998) ‘Does Training Matter? Employee Experiences and Attitudes’, Human resource management journal, 6(3): 7-21

Harley, B. (2005) ‘Hope or Hype? High-Performance Work Systems’, in B. Harley, J. Hyman and P. Thompson (eds), Participation and democracy at work : essays in honour of Harvie Ramsay. Basingstoke: Palgrave

Lave, J. and Wenger, E. (1991), Situated learning : legitimate peripheral participation, Cambridge U P, Cambridge (UK)

Nickson, D., Warhurst, C., Witz, A. and Cullen, A-M. and Watt, A. (2003) ‘Bringing in the Excluded? Aesthetic Labour, Skills and Training in the New Economy’, Journal of education and work, 16(2); 185-203

Other Reading

Keep, E. (2005) Skills, Training and the Quest for the Holy Grail of Influence and Status, in Bach, S. (ed) Managing human resources : personnel management in transition 4th edn. Oxford: Blackwell. 211-236

Marchington, M. and Wilkinson, A. (2008) Human resource management at work : people management and development London: CIPD. Chapters 8 and 9

Skule, S. (2004) ‘Learning conditions at work: a framework to understand and assess informal learning at the workplace’, International journal of training and development, 8(1): 8-20

Smith, A., Oczkowski, E., Macklin, R. and Noble, C. (2003) ‘Organisational change and the management of training in Australian Enterprises’, International journal of training and development, (7)1: 2-15

8. Cooperative Labour Management Relations: A New Bargaining Agenda

This session considers the extent to which training and development offer a new settlement in terms of employment relations that is focused on ‘mutual gains’ bargaining at the workplace. Does training offer the possibility for more cooperative relations between management and employees, where both sides get benefits? Are unions looking to pursue new strategic agendas around workplace development? Are we witnessing the rise of ‘learning partnerships’ and employee learning represenatives? What tensions exist in the furtherance of such developmental strategies at the workplace?

Key reading

Stuart, M. (2009) ‘United Kingdom: The Sound of One Hand Clapping’, in Winterton, J. (Eds) Trade union strategies for developing competence at work: an emerging area for social dialogue. Routledge. Forthcoming (will be provided by the author)

Stuart, M. and Wallis, E. (2007) ‘Partnership-based approaches to learning in the context of restructuring: a seven country study on trade union innovation’, European journal of industrial relations, 13(3): 301-321.

Stuart, M. (2007) ‘The industrial relations of learning and training: a new consensus or new politics’, European journal of industrial relations, 13(3): 269-280.

Streeck, W. (1992) ‘Training and the new Industrial Relations: a strategic role for unions?’, in Regini, M. (ed) The future of labour movements London: Sage. 250-69.

Further Reading

Buchanan, J., Watson, I. and Briggs, C. (2004) ‘Skill and the renewal of labour: the classical wage-earner model and left productivism in Australia’, in C. Warhurst., I Grugulis. And E. Keep (eds) The skills that matter Palgrave-MacMillan. 186-206

Heyes, J. (2007) ‘Training, social dialogue and collective bargaining in Western Europe’, Economic and industrial democracy, 28(2): 239-258.

Stuart, M. and Martínez Lucio, M. (2005) ‘Partnership and modernisation in employment relations; An introduction’, in M. Stuart and M. Martínez Lucio (Eds) Partnership and modernisation in employment relations, pp. 1-22. London and New York: Routledge.

Skule, S., Stuart, M. and Nyen, T. (2002) ‘Training and development in Norway’, International journal of training and development, Vol. 6, No. 4: 263-276.

Wallis, E., Stuart, M. and Greenwood, I. (2005) ‘‘Learners of the workplace unite!’ An empirical examination of the UK Trade Union Learning Representative’, Work, employment and society, 19(2): 283-304

Winterton, J. (2007) Building Social Dialogue over Training and Learning: European and National Developments, European journal of industrial relations, 2007; 13: 281-300.

9. Does Training Pay

What impacts do training and investments have on organisations and individuals? How do commentators attempt to demonstrate the relationships between training and performance outcomes?

Key Reading

Cutler, T. (1992) ‘Vocational training and British economic performance: a further instalment of the British Labour Problem’, Work, employment and society, Vo. 6 (2).

Grugulis, I. and Stoyanova, D. (2005) ‘Skill and performance’, paper presented to conference, Second International Conference on Training, Employability and Employment, Prato, Italy, 22-25 September

Harley, B. (2005) ‘Hope or Hype? High-Performance Work Systems’, in B. Harley, J. Hyman and P. Thompson (eds), Participation and democracy at work : essays in honour of Harvie Ramsay. Basingstoke: Palgrave

Keep, E. Mayhew, K. and Corney, M. (2002), 'Review of the evidence on the rate of returns to employers of investment in training and employer training measures'. Department of Trade and Industry, London: dti

Machin, S. and Vignoles, A. (2001) ‘The economic benefits of training to the individual, the firm and the economy : the key issues’, Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics, Conference paper, April

Mason, G. and Wagner, K. (2002) Skills, performance and new technologies in the British and German automotive components industries, London: DfES

Mason, G., Van Ark, B. and Wagner, K. (1996) ‘Workforce skills, product quality and economic performance’, in Booth, A.L. and Snower, D.J. (eds) Acquiring skills : market failures, their symptoms and policy responses Cambridge.

Santos, A. Stuart, M. (2006) ‘Employee perceptions and their influence on training effectiveness’, Human resource management journal, 13(1): 27-45

Further Reading

Ashton, D. and Green, F. (1996) Education, training, and the global economy Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Chapter 3.

Felstead, A., Green, F. and Mayhew, K. (1997) Getting the measure of training : a report on training statistics in Britain, Centre for Industrial Policy and Performance, University of Leeds.

Heyes, J. and Stuart, M. (1996) ‘Does training matter? Employee experiences and attitudes’, Human resource management journal, Vol.6, No.3

Lloyd, C. and Payne, J. (2002) SKOPE, University of Warwick, 'In search of the high skills society : some reflections on current visions'. SKOPE Working Paper 32, Oxford and Warwick Universities

Prais, S.J. (1995) Productivity, education and training : an international perspective Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Steedman, H. and Wagner, K. (1989) ‘Productivity, machinery and skills: clothing manufacture in Britain and Germany’, National Institute economic review, No. 128, 40-57.

10. The Making of Managers: Management Development in an International Perspective

How do organizations look to develop their senior talent? To what extent does the development of management follow national systems? Is the occupational and professional background of managers important? How do organizations look to develop management across borders and what is the significance of ‘culture’? What are key determinants of managerial careers?

Grugulis, I. (2007) Skills, training and human resource development : a critical text Palgrave MacMillan. Chapters 8 and 9

Lineham, M. (2005) ‘Women in international management’, in Scullion and Linehan (eds) International human resource management : a critical text Palgrave MacMillan. 131-155

Linehan, M. and Mayrhofer, W. (2005) ‘International careers and repatriation’, in Scullion and Linehan (eds) International human resource management : a critical text Palgrave MacMillan. 131-155

Handy, C., Gordon, C., Gow, I. and Randlesome, C. (1988) Making managers Pitman

Storey, J., Edwards, P. and Sisson, K. (1997) Managers in the making : careers, development and control in corporate Britain and Japan London: Sage

Woodall, J. and Winstanley, D. (1998) Management development : strategy and practice Blackwell.

Last updated February 17, 2009 by the Social Sciences Team